Crude Palm Oil Processing

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Over the past 30 years, the worldwide area planted to oil palm has increased by more than 150 per- cent. Beside of that, crude palm oil and kernel oil prices have been strong. As a result, crude palm oil processing and palm oil plant is becoming more and more popular all over the world.

Crude palm oil and palm kernel oil are adaptable vegetable oils and now have a wide range of markets in the food and oleo- chemical industries. In addition, palm oil has been found a very healthy com- ponent of the human diet.

The main activity of palm oil mills (POM) is to process fresh fruit bunch (FFB) into several products. The main products in the crude palm oil processing system consist of crude palm oil (CPO), palm kernel (PK) and palm kernel oil (PKO). Besides, fertilizer, empty bunch ash (soda) and shells are the side products of the crude palm oil processing system.

Conversion of crude palm oil to refined oil involves removal of the products of hydrolysis and oxidation, colour and flavour. After refining, the crude palm oil may be separated (fractionated) into liquid and solid phases by thermo-mechanical means (controlled cooling, crystallization, and filtering), and the liquid fraction is used extensively as a liquid cooking oil in tropical climates, competing successfully with the more expensive groundnut, corn, and sunflower oils.

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