Crude Palm Oil Milling Process

The main activity of palm oil mills (POM) is to process fresh fruit bunch (FFB) into several products. The main products in the crude palm oil processing system consist of crude palm oil (CPO), palm kernel (PK) and palm kernel oil (PKO). Besides, fertilizer, empty bunch ash (soda) and shells are the side products of the crude palm oil processing system. Crude palm oil milling process is very important process in the entire crude palm oil plant.

Crude Palm Oil Milling Process

Crude palm oil milling process refers to a complete crude palm oil processing stages. Extraction of oil from the palm kernels is generally separate from crude palm oil extraction, and will often be carried out in mills that process other oilseeds (such as groundnuts, rapeseed, cottonseed, shea nuts or copra).

The crude palm oil milling process in this process comprise grinding the kernels into small particles, heating (cooking), and extracting the oil using an oilseed expeller or petroleum-derived solvent. The oil then requires clarification in a filter press or by sedimentation. Extraction is a well-established industry, with large numbers of international manufacturers able to offer equipment that can process from 10 kg to several tonnes per hour.

A crude palm oil mill produces crude palm oil and kernels, as primary products and biomass as secondary product. The capacity of palm oil mills varies from 60 to100 tons FFB/h.  During the entire crude palm oil milling process, a typical crude palm oil mill has many operation units. This comprises of sterilization, stripping, digestion and pressing, clarification, purification, drying and storage. For the kernel line, there are steps such as nut/fibre separation, nut conditioning and cracking, cracked mixture separation, and kernel drying, storage. The dried kernels are often sold to palm kernel crushers for extraction of crude palm kernel oil. In some integrated plants, kernel crushing facilities exist side by side at the same complex.

Workshop of Crude Palm Oil Milling Plant

Crude palm oil is obtained from palm fruit or palm kernels. Each palm tree produces approximately one fruit bunch, containing as many as 3000 fruitlets per month. In addition, each palm tree continues producing fruit economically for up to 25 years. This ensures a constant stable supply, as compared with other annual crops.

Crude palm oil and palm kernel oil are adaptable vegetable oils and now have a wide range of markets in the food and oleo- chemical industries. In addition, palm oil has been found a very healthy com- ponent of the human diet.

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